Air from a reservoir at 10 atm and 80 ∘C is discharged through a convergent–divergent nozzle fitted to the reservoir. The thrust exerted by the jet issuing from the nozzle is 11.12 kN. If the
backpressure is 1 atm, calculate the nozzle throat and exit areas and Mach number of the jet
issuing from the nozzle. Assume the flow through the nozzle to be isentropic and correctly
expanded.
Equation 1:
The formula for pressure ratio is PR = P2c / P1c, where P2c is the absolute outlet pressure and P1c is the absolute inlet pressure.
Pressure ratio is a variable equation that combines atmospheric pressure with gauge pressure. It helps to identify where a compressor will perform its duty cycle.
Here’s an example of calculating pressure ratio:
12 psig + 14.7 psia = 26.7 psi absolute pressure in the manifold
26.7 psia / 14.7 psia = 1.82
Pressure ratio can also refer to:
Engine pressure ratio (EPR)
The ratio of exhaust total pressure (P7) to intake total pressure (P1). An EPR indicator is installed in the main instrument panel of an engine to provide an indication of engine power.
Compression ratio
The ratio between the volume of the cylinder and combustion chamber in an internal combustion engine at their maximum and minimum values.
Equation 2:
Figures
Area Formula
Variables
Area of Rectangle
Area = l × w
l = length w = width
Area of Square
Area = a2
a = sides of the square
Area of a Triangle
Area = 1/2 b×h
b = base h = height
Area of a Circle
Area = πr2
r = radius of the circle
An area formula is a set of instructions for finding the space inside a two-dimensional shape, also known as its area. The area of a shape is measured in square units, such as square centimeters or square meters. Area – WikipediaAlthough there are 10 mm in 1 cm, there are 100 mm2 in 1 cm2. Calculation of the area of a square whose length and width are 1 met…WikipediaArea in Math | Definition, Formula & Calculation – Study.comA two-dimensional geometric shape is a flat shape, such as a drawing or a picture. The area of a two-dimensional shape is defined …Study.com .f5cPye .WaaZC:first-of-type .rPeykc.uP58nb:first-child{font-size:18px;line-height:24px;font-weight:400 !important;letter-spacing:normal;margin:0 0 10px 0}.rPeykc.uP58nb{font-size:18px;font-weight:500;letter-spacing:0;line-height:26px;margin:20px 0 10px 0}.f5cPye ul{font-size:16px;line-height:22px;margin:10px 0 20px 0;padding-left:24px}.f5cPye .WaaZC:first-of-type ul:first-child{margin-top:0}.f5cPye ul.qh1nvc{font-size:16px;line-height:22px}.f5cPye li{padding-left:4px;margin-bottom:8px;list-style:inherit}.f5cPye li.K3KsMc{list-style-type:none}.f5cPye ul>li:last-child,.f5cPye ol>li:last-child,.f5cPye ul>.bsmXxe:last-child>li,.f5cPye ol>.bsmXxe:last-child>li{margin-bottom:0}.zMgcWd{padding-bottom:16px;padding-top:8px;border-bottom:none}.dSKvsb{margin-left:-28px;padding-bottom:0}.GmFi7{display:flex;width:100%}.f5cPye li:first-child .zMgcWd{padding-top:0}.f5cPye li:last-child .zMgcWd{border-bottom:none;padding-bottom:0}.rGAJof{border-radius:8px;overflow:hidden}.okxdqe{background:var(–m3c6);border-radius:8px;color:var(–m3c10);height:64px !important;padding:12px;width:64px !important}.xFTqob{flex:1;min-width:0}.B4fN8b{margin-left:12px}.xFTqob .iP4ofd .gfHI2e{margin-top:49px}.Gur8Ad{font-size:16px;font-weight:500;line-height:22px;overflow:hidden;padding-bottom:4px;transition:transform 200ms cubic-bezier(0.20,0.00,0.00,1.00)}.vM0jzc{color:var(–m3c10);font-size:16px;letter-spacing:0.1px;line-height:22px}.B4fN8b .vM0jzc{font-size:14px;line-height:20px}.vM0jzc ul,.vM0jzc ol{font-size:16px !important;line-height:22px !important;margin-top:8px !important}.vM0jzc li ul,.vM0jzc li ol{font-size:14px !important;letter-spacing:0.1px !important;line-height:20px !important;margin-top:0 !important}.vM0jzc ul li{list-style-type:disc}.vM0jzc ui li li{list-style-type:circle}.vM0jzc .rPeykc:first-child{margin-top:0}.CM8kHf text{fill:var(–m3c11)}.vM0jzc .CM8kHf text,.BFxDoe .CM8kHf text{fill:var(–m3c10)}.j86kh{display:inline-block} The area formula for a shape depends on its shape: Area formula in maths – DoodleLearningFAQs about the area formula What is the formula for area? The formula varies depending on the shape. For rectangles and squares, A…DoodleLearning Rectangle or square The area is calculated by multiplying the length by the width. For example, if a rectangle has a length of 3 meters and a width of 2 meters, its area is 6 square meters. Area – WikipediaAlthough there are 10 mm in 1 cm, there are 100 mm2 in 1 cm2. Calculation of the area of a square whose length and width are 1 met…WikipediaArea formula in maths – DoodleLearningFAQs about the area formula What is the formula for area? The formula varies depending on the shape. For rectangles and squares, A…DoodleLearningCircle The area is calculated by multiplying the radius by itself and then multiplying that by pi. The formula is \(A=\pi r^{2}\), where \(A\) is the area and \(r\) is the radius. Area of a Circle – Definition, Formula, Derivation with Solved Examples28 Jul 2020 — Area of a Circle Formula Let us take a circle with radius r. In the above figure, we can see a circle, where radius r f…BYJU’SArea formula in maths – DoodleLearningFAQs about the area formula What is the formula for area? The formula varies depending on the shape. For rectangles and squares, A…DoodleLearningTriangle The area is calculated by multiplying half the base by the height. The formula is \(A=\frac{1}{2}(b\times h)\), where \(A\) is the area, \(b\) is the base, and \(h\) is the height. Area formula in maths – DoodleLearningFAQs about the area formula What is the formula for area? The formula varies depending on the shape. For rectangles and squares, A…DoodleLearning Area is a useful concept in real life, such as when you need to calculate how much paint to buy for a room or how many tiles to cover a floor. What is Area in Math? – DoodleLearning8 Nov 2023 — The concept of area in math is more than just numbers and shapes; it’s about real-life applications. Picture this – choo…DoodleLearningArea formula in maths – DoodleLearningFAQs about the area formula What is the formula for area? The formula varies depending on the shape. For rectangles and squares, A…DoodleLearning (function(){var ctid=’_pnNDZ5_sFK2c4-EPz8S_0Ak_2′;(function(){‘use strict’; var e=function(a){a=a.tabIndex;return typeof a===”number”&&a>=0&&a<32768};var l=function(a,b=-1){const d=a.getBoundingClientRect().top+b;k(a,d,b<0)},k=function(a,b,d){if(d||!(a.getBoundingClientRect().bottom<b)){var h=d||a.getBoundingClientRect().top>b;h&&m(a);Array.from(a.children).forEach(c=>{k(c,b,h)})}},m=function(a){if(!a.hasAttribute(“data-tibak”))if(a.hasAttribute(“tabindex”)){const b=a.getAttribute(“tabindex”);a.setAttribute(“tabindex”,”-1″);a.setAttribute(“data-tibak”,b)}else(a.tagName==”A”&&a.hasAttribute(“href”)||a.tagName==”INPUT”||a.tagName==”TEXTAREA”||a.tagName== “SELECT”||a.tagName==”BUTTON”?a.disabled||a.hasAttribute(“tabindex”)&&!e(a):!a.hasAttribute(“tabindex”)||!e(a))||(a.setAttribute(“tabindex”,”-1″),a.setAttribute(“data-tibak”,”none”));a.hasAttribute(“aria-hidden”)||(a.setAttribute(“ahbak”,”true”),a.setAttribute(“aria-hidden”,”true”))};function t(){const a=u.querySelectorAll(“.ifiyWc”);a.forEach(b=>{b.style.display=”block”});setTimeout(()=>{a.forEach(b=>{b.style.opacity=”1.0″})},50)}const u=document.getElementById(ctid);if(u){let a;(a=u.querySelector(‘[jsname=”yEBWhe”]’))==null||a.remove();const b=u.querySelector(‘[jsname=”Ol3kkd”]’);b&&(b.style.display=””);t();const d=u.querySelector(“.h7Tj7e”),h=u.querySelector(“.D5ad8b”);if(d&&h){var v=Number(d.style.maxHeight.replace(“px”,””));if(v!==0){const c=d.querySelector(“.RDmXvc”),f=d.querySelector(“.zNsLfb”);let g,n=(g=c==null?void 0:c.offsetHeight)!=null?g:68,p,q;if(((p=c==null?void 0:c.getBoundingClientRect().bottom)!=null?p:0)<((q=f==null?void 0:f.getBoundingClientRect().bottom)!= null?q:0)){let r;n+=(r=f==null?void 0:f.offsetHeight)!=null?r:60}l(h,v-n)}}if(document.getAnimations){var w=u.querySelector(“.mNfcNd”),x;for(const c of((x=w)==null?void 0:x.getAnimations())||[])if(c.animationName===”response-pushdown”&&c.effect){const f=c.effect,g=f.getKeyframes();g.length>1&&(g[g.length-1].maxHeight=`${w.scrollHeight}px`,f.setKeyframes(g));break}}google.fce&&google.fce(u,”mgqo8b”)}let y,z;(y=google.sge)==null||(z=y.moo)==null||z.disconnect();}).call(this);})();Error translating content. Please try again later..fx92l{position:relative}.suSUf{position:absolute;width:100%;height:100%;background-color:var(–m3c6);opacity:50%;border-radius:16px}.Cgh8Qc .tg2Kqf{padding:16px}.GIfsGb{max-height:calc(100% – 20px);display:flex;width:100%}.Esev1b{border-bottom:1px solid var(–m3c17);opacity:50%;margin:0 16px}.trEk7e{width:100%}.trEk7e.Bmegof .niO4u,.trEk7e.Bmegof:hover .niO4u{background-color:var(–m3c7);}.Bmegof{color:#001d35}.Bmegof .niO4u{background-color:var(–BRLwE)}.Bmegof:hover .kHtcsd{background-color:#0b57d015}.brKmxb:focus-visible .Bmegof .kHtcsd,.Bmegof:focus-visible .kHtcsd{background-color:#0b57d015}.brKmxb:active .Bmegof .kHtcsd,.Bmegof:active .kHtcsd{background-color:#0b57d039}Area – WikipediaAlthough there are 10 mm in 1 cm, there are 100 mm2 in 1 cm2. Calculation of the area of a square whose length and width are 1 met…WikipediaArea of a Circle – Definition, Formula, Derivation with Solved Examples28 Jul 2020 — Area of a Circle Formula Let us take a circle with radius r. In the above figure, we can see a circle, where radius r f…BYJU’SArea in Math | Definition, Formula & Calculation – Study.comA two-dimensional geometric shape is a flat shape, such as a drawing or a picture. The area of a two-dimensional shape is defined …Study.comShow allArea – WikipediaAlthough there are 10 mm in 1 cm, there are 100 mm2 in 1 cm2. Calculation of the area of a square whose length and width are 1 met…WikipediaArea of a Circle – Definition, Formula, Derivation with Solved Examples28 Jul 2020 — Area of a Circle Formula Let us take a circle with radius r. In the above figure, we can see a circle, where radius r f…BYJU’SArea in Math | Definition, Formula & Calculation – Study.comA two-dimensional geometric shape is a flat shape, such as a drawing or a picture. The area of a two-dimensional shape is defined …Study.comWhat is Area in Math? – DoodleLearning8 Nov 2023 — The concept of area in math is more than just numbers and shapes; it’s about real-life applications. Picture this – choo…DoodleLearningArea formula in maths – DoodleLearningFAQs about the area formula What is the formula for area? The formula varies depending on the shape. 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to find the area of a two-dimensional shape. The area of a two-dimensional geometric figure is measured in square units, or units2. Read Area in Math | Definition, Formula & Calculation Lesson.Eqution 3:
Temperature conversions use the following formulas: Temperature in degrees Fahrenheit (°F) = (Temperature in degrees Celsius (°C) * 9/5) + 32. Temperature in degrees Celsius (°C) = (Temperature in degrees Fahrenheit (°F) – 32) * 5/9.
Eqution 4:speed of sound
Isentropic relations are thermodynamic relationships that describe how a fluid behaves during an isentropic process. An isentropic process is a reversible adiabatic process where entropy remains constant. Isentropic relations are important for analyzing the flow of compressible fluids, such as gases, in scenarios without heat transfer or friction. They help predict how pressure, temperature, and density change in a flowing fluid. Here are some key points about isentropic relations: Definition The term “isentropic” comes from the Greek words isos meaning equal and entropia meaning entropy. Idealization An isentropic process is an idealization of an actual method. In real-world applications, total isolation of a system is not possible, so the isentropic process is an approximation. Examples Pumps, turbines, nozzles, gas compressors, and diffusers are examples of devices that can be analyzed using isentropic relations. Mach number The Mach number plays an important role in isentropic relations. If the Mach number of the flow is determined, all the other flow relations can be determined.
![An area formula is a set of instructions for finding the space inside a two-dimensional shape, also known as its area. The area of a shape is measured in square units, such as square centimeters or square meters. Area - WikipediaAlthough there are 10 mm in 1 cm, there are 100 mm2 in 1 cm2. Calculation of the area of a square whose length and width are 1 met...WikipediaArea in Math | Definition, Formula & Calculation - Study.comA two-dimensional geometric shape is a flat shape, such as a drawing or a picture. The area of a two-dimensional shape is defined ...Study.com .f5cPye .WaaZC:first-of-type .rPeykc.uP58nb:first-child{font-size:18px;line-height:24px;font-weight:400 !important;letter-spacing:normal;margin:0 0 10px 0}.rPeykc.uP58nb{font-size:18px;font-weight:500;letter-spacing:0;line-height:26px;margin:20px 0 10px 0}.f5cPye ul{font-size:16px;line-height:22px;margin:10px 0 20px 0;padding-left:24px}.f5cPye .WaaZC:first-of-type ul:first-child{margin-top:0}.f5cPye ul.qh1nvc{font-size:16px;line-height:22px}.f5cPye li{padding-left:4px;margin-bottom:8px;list-style:inherit}.f5cPye li.K3KsMc{list-style-type:none}.f5cPye ul>li:last-child,.f5cPye ol>li:last-child,.f5cPye ul>.bsmXxe:last-child>li,.f5cPye ol>.bsmXxe:last-child>li{margin-bottom:0}.zMgcWd{padding-bottom:16px;padding-top:8px;border-bottom:none}.dSKvsb{margin-left:-28px;padding-bottom:0}.GmFi7{display:flex;width:100%}.f5cPye li:first-child .zMgcWd{padding-top:0}.f5cPye li:last-child .zMgcWd{border-bottom:none;padding-bottom:0}.rGAJof{border-radius:8px;overflow:hidden}.okxdqe{background:var(--m3c6);border-radius:8px;color:var(--m3c10);height:64px !important;padding:12px;width:64px !important}.xFTqob{flex:1;min-width:0}.B4fN8b{margin-left:12px}.xFTqob .iP4ofd .gfHI2e{margin-top:49px}.Gur8Ad{font-size:16px;font-weight:500;line-height:22px;overflow:hidden;padding-bottom:4px;transition:transform 200ms cubic-bezier(0.20,0.00,0.00,1.00)}.vM0jzc{color:var(--m3c10);font-size:16px;letter-spacing:0.1px;line-height:22px}.B4fN8b .vM0jzc{font-size:14px;line-height:20px}.vM0jzc ul,.vM0jzc ol{font-size:16px !important;line-height:22px !important;margin-top:8px !important}.vM0jzc li ul,.vM0jzc li ol{font-size:14px !important;letter-spacing:0.1px !important;line-height:20px !important;margin-top:0 !important}.vM0jzc ul li{list-style-type:disc}.vM0jzc ui li li{list-style-type:circle}.vM0jzc .rPeykc:first-child{margin-top:0}.CM8kHf text{fill:var(--m3c11)}.vM0jzc .CM8kHf text,.BFxDoe .CM8kHf text{fill:var(--m3c10)}.j86kh{display:inline-block} The area formula for a shape depends on its shape: Area formula in maths - DoodleLearningFAQs about the area formula What is the formula for area? The formula varies depending on the shape. For rectangles and squares, A...DoodleLearning Rectangle or square The area is calculated by multiplying the length by the width. For example, if a rectangle has a length of 3 meters and a width of 2 meters, its area is 6 square meters. Area - WikipediaAlthough there are 10 mm in 1 cm, there are 100 mm2 in 1 cm2. Calculation of the area of a square whose length and width are 1 met...WikipediaArea formula in maths - DoodleLearningFAQs about the area formula What is the formula for area? The formula varies depending on the shape. For rectangles and squares, A...DoodleLearningCircle The area is calculated by multiplying the radius by itself and then multiplying that by pi. The formula is \(A=\pi r^{2}\), where \(A\) is the area and \(r\) is the radius. Area of a Circle - Definition, Formula, Derivation with Solved Examples28 Jul 2020 — Area of a Circle Formula Let us take a circle with radius r. In the above figure, we can see a circle, where radius r f...BYJU'SArea formula in maths - DoodleLearningFAQs about the area formula What is the formula for area? The formula varies depending on the shape. For rectangles and squares, A...DoodleLearningTriangle The area is calculated by multiplying half the base by the height. The formula is \(A=\frac{1}{2}(b\times h)\), where \(A\) is the area, \(b\) is the base, and \(h\) is the height. Area formula in maths - DoodleLearningFAQs about the area formula What is the formula for area? The formula varies depending on the shape. For rectangles and squares, A...DoodleLearning Area is a useful concept in real life, such as when you need to calculate how much paint to buy for a room or how many tiles to cover a floor. What is Area in Math? - DoodleLearning8 Nov 2023 — The concept of area in math is more than just numbers and shapes; it's about real-life applications. Picture this – choo...DoodleLearningArea formula in maths - DoodleLearningFAQs about the area formula What is the formula for area? The formula varies depending on the shape. For rectangles and squares, A...DoodleLearning (function(){var ctid='_pnNDZ5_sFK2c4-EPz8S_0Ak_2';(function(){'use strict';var e=function(a){a=a.tabIndex;return typeof a==="number"&&a>=0&&a<32768};var l=function(a,b=-1){const d=a.getBoundingClientRect().top+b;k(a,d,b<0)},k=function(a,b,d){if(d||!(a.getBoundingClientRect().bottom<b)){var h=d||a.getBoundingClientRect().top>b;h&&m(a);Array.from(a.children).forEach(c=>{k(c,b,h)})}},m=function(a){if(!a.hasAttribute("data-tibak"))if(a.hasAttribute("tabindex")){const b=a.getAttribute("tabindex");a.setAttribute("tabindex","-1");a.setAttribute("data-tibak",b)}else(a.tagName=="A"&&a.hasAttribute("href")||a.tagName=="INPUT"||a.tagName=="TEXTAREA"||a.tagName==
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to find the area of a two-dimensional shape. The area of a two-dimensional geometric figure is measured in square units, or units2. Read Area in Math | Definition, Formula & Calculation Lesson.](https://i0.wp.com/todocalculator.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Screenshot-2024-11-25-001153.png?resize=300%2C214&ssl=1)
