In rocketry, we use specific impulse (Isp) to quantify the efficiency of a rocket engine, measuring how effectively it utilizes propellant to generate thrust. A higher specific impulse signifies a more efficient engine, producing greater thrust for a given propellant mass. Typically measured in seconds, specific impulse represents the change in momentum per unit mass of consumed propellant.
Where:
- = specific impulse (in seconds)
- = thrust generated by the engine (in newtons)
- m = rate of propellant flow (in kilograms per second)
- = standard acceleration due to gravity (approximately 9.81 m/s2 on Earth’s surface)
Specific impulse is a measure of the efficiency of rocket engines in terms of propellant consumption.