The Tsiolkovsky rocket equation is a fundamental equation in astronautics that describes the relationship between the change in velocity (Δv) a rocket can achieve, the effective exhaust velocity (Ve) of its propulsion system, and the initial and final masses of the rocket. Here’s the Tsiolkovsky rocket equation in SI units
Where:
- Δv is the change in velocity of the rocket, typically measured in meters per second (m/s).
- Ve is the effective exhaust velocity of the rocket engine, also measured in meters per second (m/s).
- ln is the natural logarithm function.
- M0 is the initial total mass of the rocket (rocket structure + propellant), measured in kilograms (kg).
- M1 is the final total mass of the rocket after propellant has been expended, also measured in kilograms (kg).