Pressure is a fundamental concept in physics and fluid mechanics that describes the force exerted per unit area on a surface. It quantifies the intensity of the distributed force that a fluid (liquid or gas) exerts on its surroundings due to molecular interactions and collisions. Pressure is a scalar quantity and is typically measured in […]
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Enthalpy behind the wave (h2) refers to the total energy content per unit mass of a fluid flow in the region behind a shock wave. In fluid dynamics, a shock wave is a discontinuity that occurs when a compressible flow encounters a sudden and rapid change in conditions, such as a change in pressure, density,
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The freestream velocity, often denoted as V∞, refers to the velocity of the fluid (such as air or any other fluid medium) far away from any solid surface or object that might be influencing the flow. In fluid dynamics, it is used as a reference velocity for analyzing the behavior of the fluid around objects
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Total temperature, denoted as T0, is a thermodynamic property used in fluid dynamics and aerodynamics to describe the sum of the static temperature and the kinetic energy per unit mass of a fluid flow. It represents the total energy content of a fluid stream, including both its internal thermal energy and the energy associated with
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Total temperature, denoted as is a thermodynamic property used in fluid dynamics and aerodynamics to describe the sum of the static temperature and the kinetic energy per unit mass of a fluid flow. It represents the total energy content of a fluid stream, including both its internal thermal energy and the energy associated with its
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Entropy (S) is a fundamental concept in thermodynamics and statistical mechanics that measures the amount of disorder or randomness in a system. It is a state function that characterizes the distribution of energy and matter within a system, and it provides insights into the system’s thermodynamic behavior and its tendency to evolve towards equilibrium. ds:
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Yawing moment is the moment about the z-axis of an aircraft, which causes it to rotate left or right. It is positive if it moves the nose of the plane to the right, and negative if it moves it to the left. Engine defition is the loss of thrust from one or more engines, which
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The Oswald efficiency factor, denoted by the symbol e, is a dimensionless parameter used to characterize the aerodynamic efficiency of an aircraft’s wing or lifting surface. It quantifies how well the wing’s lift-induced drag compares to the theoretical minimum drag that would be produced by an ideal, elliptical wing of the same aspect ratio. Aspect
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The coefficient of yawing moment is a dimensionless quantity that measures the tendency of an aircraft to rotate about its vertical axis (yaw axis) due to a change in sideslip angle or yaw rate. It is usually denoted by Cn or Cnp ρ (rho): The air density. v: The velocity of the aircraft relative to
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Radial velocity (Vr) refers to the component of velocity of a fluid or object in the radial direction, which is directed outward from or inward toward a central point. In the context of a sphere, radial velocity specifically refers to the velocity component along a line that originates at the center of the sphere and
