The efficiency of fiber strength in a composite compared to individual fibers.The formula is given by: Where: σfc is a stress fiber composite. σfi is a stress fiber individual.
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Impulse density refers to the amount of impulse (change in momentum) per unit volume. It is often used in fluid dynamics or electromagnetic theory to describe the momentum transfer per unit volume within a system or medium. Where: ρ represents the density of the substance (mass per unit volume), v represents the velocity vector of
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Thrust-specific fuel consumption. engines define specific fuel consumption (SFC) as fuel consumed per unit of produced thrust or power. The formula for specific fuel consumption depends on whether you’re measuring it in terms of thrust or power. For (TSFC), the formula is: Where: TSFC is the thrust-specific fuel consumption (typically measured in units like kg/N·s
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The Reynolds number (Re) is a dimensionless quantity used in fluid mechanics to predict the flow regime around an object or within a fluid flow. It’s named after Osborne Reynolds, a British engineer who popularized its use. The Reynolds number is defined as the ratio of inertial forces to viscous forces and is given by
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Skin friction drag is a component of drag force experienced by an object moving through a fluid, arising from the viscous interaction between the fluid and the surface of the object. It is caused by the shear stress between the fluid and the object’s surface. The skin friction drag force (Df) can be estimated using
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Matrix Toughness is a Resistance to crack propagation in composite matrix.The formula is given by: Where: KIc is the fracture toughness of the matrix. σf is the ultimate tensile strength of the matrix material. c is a constant related to the crack geometry and specimen configuration.
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Specific power refers to the power output or consumption per unit of some specific parameter, such as mass or volume. Specific power” is the measure of power output per unit mass or volume, expressed typically in watts per kilogram or watts per liter. Engineers and physicists commonly use it to evaluate the efficiency or performance
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Skin Friction Coefficient (Cf) is a dimensionless quantity that characterizes the frictional resistance between a fluid and a solid surface in a flow. It is used in fluid dynamics to quantify the effects of viscous forces on the flow over a surface. Turbulent flow is a type of fluid motion characterized by irregular and chaotic
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Drag reduction refers to the process of minimizing the aerodynamic drag experienced by an object moving through a fluid (such as air or water). Aerodynamic drag is the resistance force exerted by the fluid on the object in the direction opposite to its motion. Drag Reduction can be calculated using the following formula: Where, F
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Fiber Aspect Ratio is a Length relative to diameter for reinforcement. The formula is given by: Where: Aspect Ratio is the dimensionless ratio representing the fiber’s length-to-diameter ratio. Fiber Length is the length of the fiber. Fiber Diameter is the diameter of the fiber.
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