The ideal gas law is a fundamental equation in thermodynamics that describes the behavior of an ideal gas under various conditions. It relates the pressure, volume, temperature, and amount of gas present in a system. The ideal gas law is extremely useful in various fields of science and engineering for calculating the behavior of gases under different conditions. The ideal gas law is expressed mathematically as:

Where:

• $P$ is the pressure of the gas (in pascals, Pa).
• $V$ is the volume of the gas (in cubic meters, m33).
• $n$ is the number of moles of gas.
• $R$ is the ideal gas constant (in joules per mole per Kelvin, J/(mol·K)).
• $T$ is the absolute temperature of the gas (in kelvin, K).