Ground speed is the horizontal speed of an aircraft or other object relative to the Earth’s surface. It is the actual speed at which the object is moving over the ground. The ground speed is affected by both the true airspeed (the speed of the aircraft through the air) and the wind speed and direction. The formula for ground speed can be expressed as:
Where:
- V is the True Airspeed in m/s
- Vwind is the Wind speed in m/s