Author name: Akash Babu S L

Effective Wing Area is used in aircraft design to minimize the drag associated with transonic and supersonic flight.   Seff​ is the effective wing area, S is the actual wing area, ΔA is the change in fuselage cross-sectional area, A is the fuselage cross-sectional area.        

The lift coefficient is a dimensionless coefficient that relates the lift generated by an airfoil to its angle of attack Cl​ is the lift coefficient, α is the angle of attack.

Shear flow in built-up beams refers to the distribution of shear force across the different components   q is the shear flow, T is the applied shear force, d is the perpendicular distance from the neutral axis to the point where shear flow is being calculated, It​ is the total moment of inertia

The impact force in a crash scenario represents the force experienced by an object during a sudden deceleration or collision   F is the force, m is the mass of the object, a is the acceleration.

Bearing stress is the stress experienced by the loaded surfaces of the bolt holes in a joint   σbearing​ is the bearing stress, F is the axial force applied to the bolted joint, A is the area over which the force is distributed.

Griffith’s Critical Stress represents the critical stress required for the propagation of a pre-existing crack in a brittle material. σhoop​ is the hoop stress, p is the internal pressure, r is the radius of the cylinder, and t is the thickness of the cylinder wall.

Hoop stress refers to the circumferential stress in a cylindrical or spherical structure subjected to internal or external pressure   σhoop​ is the hoop stress, p is the internal pressure, r is the radius of the cylinder, and t is the thickness of the cylinder wall.

The Noise Equivalent Slope (NES) is a parameter used to characterize the sensitivity of a radiometric sensor.   NES: Noise Equivalent Slope Noise Power: The power of the noise in the measurement Signal Power: The power of the signal being measured

Brake Specific Fuel Consumption (BSFC) is a measure of the fuel efficiency of a jet engine   BSFC: Brake Specific Fuel Consumption Fuel Flow Rate: Rate at which fuel is consumed by the engine Thrust: Force produced by the engine

Overall Efficiency (ηoverall​) is the product of thermal efficiency (ηth​) and propulsive efficiency (ηprop​)   ηoverall​: Overall Efficiency ηth​: Thermal Efficiency ηprop​: Propulsive Efficiency