Author name: Arshad Arif A.S

Flow separation refers to the phenomenon where a fluid flow detaches from a surface, typically due to adverse pressure gradients or changes in flow direction. The formula to predict flow separation is complex and depends on various factors such as Reynolds number, surface roughness, and flow conditions. However, one common criterion used to predict flow […]

The adiabatic flame temperature refers to the maximum temperature achieved during the complete combustion of a fuel in the absence of heat exchange with the surroundings (adiabatic conditions). It represents the highest temperature attainable when all the heat released by the combustion process is retained within the system and is not lost to the surroundings.

The throat area ratio formula, often used in fluid mechanics, typically refers to the ratio of the cross-sectional area of a throat to the cross-sectional area of a duct or nozzle. It’s commonly denoted as AR and calculated as: Where: At​ is the cross-sectional area of the throat. Ae​ is the cross-sectional area of the

The pressure ratio, often denoted as PR, is the ratio of the outlet pressure to the inlet pressure in a fluid system, such as a compressor or a pump. This ratio is crucial in determining the performance and efficiency of such systems. Where: Pout​ is the outlet pressure. Pin​ is the inlet pressure.

Thermal choking is a phenomenon that occurs when a system’s performance is limited by its ability to dissipate heat. The formula for thermal choking can vary depending on the specific system and its components, but in general, it involves factors such as thermal resistance, heat generation rate, ambient temperature, and heat dissipation capacity. One common

The formula for calculating flow choking in a converging-diverging nozzle, often referred to as the critical flow condition, is typically given by where: γ is the specific heat ratio (ratio of specific heats), R is the gas constant, and T is the temperature.

The speed of sound Calculator refers to the rate at which sound waves propagate through a medium. It represents the velocity at which disturbances or vibrations in the medium, caused by a source such as a vibrating object or a pressure variation, travel from one point to another. Where: v is the speed of sound.

The specific energy formula typically refers to the energy stored per unit mass of a substance. For example, in the context of batteries, the specific energy formula is: Where: E is the energy stored (in joules, for example). m is the mass of the substance (in kilograms, for example)

The efficiency of a rocket motor can be calculated using the specific impulse and the gravitational constant with the formula: Where: Isp​ is the specific impulse (measured in seconds), g is the standard acceleration due to gravity (approximately 9.81 m/s² on Earth), ve​ is the exhaust velocity of the rocket motor.

Effective exhaust velocity (Ve) is a measure used in rocket propulsion to describe the efficiency of a rocket engine. It represents the velocity at which the rocket’s exhaust gases leave the engine relative to the rocket itself, taking into account the effects of pressure and temperature within the engine. It is a crucial parameter in