Rocket fairing drag refers to the aerodynamic resistance encountered by the fairing of a rocket as it travels through the atmosphere during ascent. The fairing is a protective shell or covering that encapsulates the payload, such as satellites or other cargo, atop the rocket. Its primary function is to shield the payload from aerodynamic forces, […]
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The reaction mass flow rate equation defines the rate at which mass flows through a system during a chemical reaction. It quantifies the amount of reacting material passing through a given area per unit time. Where: m˙r is the reaction mass flow rate (in kg/s), ρ is the density of the reacting fluid (in kg/m³),
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The rocket equation is a fundamental principle in astronautics that describes the relationship between the mass of a rocket, the effective exhaust velocity of its propulsion system, and the resulting change in velocity (delta-v). Where: Δv is the change in velocity (delta-v) that the rocket can achieve. ve is the effective exhaust velocity of the
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The thickness of a turbulent boundary layer can be estimated using the empirical relationship known as the “Prandtl’s mixing length theory.” According to this theory, the thickness (δ) of a turbulent boundary layer is often expressed as: Where: δ is the thickness of the turbulent boundary layer. x is the distance along the surface. Rex
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The nozzle expansion ratio refers to the ratio of the area of the nozzle’s exit to the area of its throat. It’s a critical parameter in the design and performance analysis of nozzles used in various engineering applications, particularly in propulsion systems like rocket engines and gas turbines. Where: ER = Nozzle expansion ratio Ae
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A rectangular inlet refers to an opening or entrance with a rectangular cross-sectional shape through which fluid, such as air or water, can enter a system or structure. Where: A is the area of the rectangular inlet, “length” represents the length of the rectangle, “width” represents the width of the rectangle.
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A circular inlet area refers to the total surface area of a circular opening or entrance through which fluid, such as air or water, can flow into a system or structure. Where: A is the area of the circular inlet, π is a mathematical constant (approximately equal to 3.14159), r is the radius of the
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A triangular inlet typically refers to a flow channel, duct, or opening that has a triangular cross-sectional shape. In hydraulic engineering or fluid dynamics contexts, triangular inlets are commonly encountered in various applications such as stormwater management systems, culverts, or irrigation channels. Where, b- Base h- Height
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The impulse bit formula in the context of information theory is typically used to calculate the minimum number of bits needed to encode a single symbol in a data stream. Where: I is the impulse bit. P is the probability of the symbol occurring.
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Pressure thrust is the force generated as a result of the pressure difference between two surfaces. This force arises due to the application of fluid pressure on a surface area, resulting in a net force exerted in a particular direction. Where: F is the pressure thrust, P is the pressure acting on the surface, A
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