The kinematic viscosity is defined as the ratio of the dynamic viscosity (μ) to the density (ρ) of the fluid. μ = dynamic viscosity (also known as absolute viscosity) ρ = density of the fluid ν = kinematic viscosity
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The power required for stable flight refers to the amount of power that an aircraft’s propulsion system must generate to maintain a steady and level flight at a constant speed. It is the power needed to overcome the total drag force acting on the aircraft. For steady level flight, the lift force is equal to
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In flight mechanics, the fineness ratio is the ratio of the length of a body to its maximum width1. In naval architecture and aerospace engineering, the fineness ratio is the ratio of the length of a body to its maximum width. Af is the fineness ratio of the fuselage. l is the length of the fuselage.
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The power required for unsteady flight depends on the specific flight maneuver being performed, the changing flight conditions, and the aerodynamic forces acting on the aircraft. Unlike steady level flight, unsteady flight involves changes in velocity, acceleration, and orientation, which make the power required calculation more complex. Preq is the power required for unsteady flight
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Specific Heat Ratio is defined as the ratio of the specific heat at constant pressure (Cp) to the specific heat at constant volume (Cv) for a given substance. γ (gamma) = Specific heat ratio-dimensionless Cp = Specific heat at constant pressure in J/(kg·K) Cv = Specific heat at constant volume in J/(kg·K)
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The wave drag coefficient (Cw) is a dimensionless quantity used in aerodynamics and hydrodynamics to describe the contribution of wave drag to the total drag experienced by an object moving through a fluid (usually air or water) at high speeds. Wave drag is a significant form of drag that occurs when an object’s speed approaches
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In flight mechanics, takeoff parameter is a term used to describe the factors that affect the takeoff of an aircraft. The takeoff parameter consists of three important factors: thrust, weight, and wing area1. The takeoff distance consists of two parts, the ground run, and the distance from where the vehicle leaves the ground to until it
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The Froude number (Fr) is a dimensionless quantity used in fluid mechanics to describe the behavior of a fluid flow around an object or within a channel. The Froude number is defined as the ratio of the flow velocity (V) to the square root of the product of the gravitational acceleration (g) and a characteristic
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Pitching moment coefficient (Cm) is a dimensionless parameter that relates the pitching moment of an aircraft to various factors affecting its stability and control. It is an important aerodynamic coefficient used to understand how the aircraft behaves in pitch (upward or downward rotation) around its lateral axis. M is the pitching moment acting on the
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Ideal gas equation or perfect gas equation represents the relationship between the pressure (p), density (𝜌), temperature (T), and the gas constant (R) for an ideal gas. p: Pressure of the gas in N/m^2. 𝜌: Density of the gas in kg/m³. R: The specific gas constant for the particular gas being considered in J/(kg·K) T:
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