Composite Material and Structure

Capacity to store electric charge in an electrical component or system.The formula is given by: Where: ε is the permittivity of the material between the plates, A is the area of each plate, and d is the distance between the plates.

Ply-Level Modulus is a Elastic stiffness of single composite layer.The formula is given by: Where: Eply​ is the ply-level modulus (elastic modulus), F is the applied force or load, and ε is the corresponding strain or deformation experienced by the ply.

Ply-Level Strength is a Maximum stress a ply endures before failure.The formula is given by: Where: σply​ is the ply-level strength (stress), Fmax​ is the maximum force applied to the ply before failure, and tply​ is the thickness of the ply.

Ratio of critical load to actual applied load for stability.The formula is given by: Where: Cs​ is the structural stability factor, Pcritical​ is the critical load at which the structure becomes unstable, and Pactual​ is the actual applied load on the structure.

Calculates ultimate shear capacity for concrete beam safety.The formula is given by: Where: Vult​ is the ultimate shear capacity of the concrete beam, Vc​ is the contribution of concrete to shear capacity, and Vs​ is the contribution of shear reinforcement to shear capacity.

Designs tensile stress based on load and member area.The formula is given by: Where: T is the tensile stress in the member, F is the applied tensile force or load, and A is the cross-sectional area of the member perpendicular to the applied load.

Time until critical temperature, compromising load-carrying capacity in fire.The formula is given by: Where: t is the fire resistance time, A is the cross-sectional area of the structural element exposed to fire, and P is the perimeter of the exposed surface.

Estimates effective depth based on span length for slabs.The formula is given by: Where: d is the effective depth of the slab, and L is the span length of the slab.

Bending stress calculation based on loading and timber geometry.The formula is given by: Where: Fb​ is the bending stress in the timber member. M is the bending moment applied to the member. S is the section modulus of the member.

Degree of moment redistribution in continuous beams after yielding.The formula is given by: Where: Mmax​ is the maximum moment at the critical section. Mult​ is the ultimate moment capacity of the beam.