The Doppler Shift represents the change in frequency of a wave in relation to an observer moving relative to the source of the wave. Doppler Shift is the change in frequency. fr​ is the received frequency. ft​ is the transmitted frequency.
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Solar Irradiance refers to the power per unit area received from the Sun in the form of electromagnetic radiation in the wavelength range of the solar spectrum I is the solar irradiance (W/m²) P is the solar power received (W) A is the area perpendicular to the Sun’s rays (m²).
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The antenna gain equation calculates the gain of an antenna, representing its ability to focus or direct electromagnetic radiation in a particular direction Antenna Gain: Antenna gain is a measure of the ability of an antenna to direct or concentrate the transmitted or received signal in a particular direction Antenna Efficiency: Antenna efficiency represents the
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Battery Capacity determines the required capacity of a battery for a given aircraft mission. Battery Capacity: total battery capacity Total Energy Required: total energy required for functioning Battery Efficiency: efficiency of the battery
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The Eclipse Duration Equation is used to calculate the duration of an eclipse for a satellite Eclipse Duration: duration of the eclipse Shadow Length: the length of shadow Satellite Velocity: velocity of satellite
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The orbital period is the time it takes for a satellite to complete one full orbit around a celestial body T: Orbital period (time) R: Radius of the orbit (distance) V: Orbital velocity (speed)
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Escape velocity is the minimum velocity that an object must reach to break free from the gravitational pull of a celestial body, such as a planet, moon, or star, without any further propulsion. It allows an object to escape the gravitational field of the celestial body and travel into space. The formula for escape velocity
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