Fluid Mechanics Calculator

The Pitot-static tube is a device used to measure fluid flow velocity, particularly in air and gases. It works based on the principles of Bernoulli’s equation and involves two pressure measurements, the stagnation pressure (total pressure) and the static pressure. By comparing these pressures, the velocity of the fluid can be determined. The Pitot-static tube […]

The compressible boundary layer equations describe the behavior of the thin layer of fluid adjacent to a solid surface in a compressible fluid flow. One of the key parameters characterizing compressible boundary layers is the local Mach number (M), defined as the ratio of the local flow velocity to the local speed of sound, such

The laminar boundary layer equation describes the behavior of a laminar boundary layer, which forms when a fluid flows over a solid surface. In this region, the fluid moves smoothly in parallel layers, with minimal mixing between adjacent layers. The Blasius solution provides an expression for the boundary layer thickness (δ) as a function of

The turbulent boundary layer equation describes the behavior of a turbulent boundary layer, which forms when a fluid flows over a solid surface. In this region, the fluid velocity changes rapidly in the direction perpendicular to the surface due to the interaction between the fluid and the solid boundary. The equation for the turbulent boundary

The equation governing cavitation depends on the specific conditions of the flow and the properties of the fluid. One important parameter used to characterize cavitation is the cavitation number (σ), defined as the ratio of the local pressure drop to the pressure of the fluid vapor, Where: P vapor​ is the vapor pressure of the

A Reversible Process in thermodynamics is a hypothetical process in which a system undergoes a series of changes in such a way that both the system and its surroundings can be returned to their original states without leaving any trace or causing any change in the surroundings. In essence, a reversible process is one that

An Isothermal Process is one that occurs at a constant temperature. During an isothermal process, the system exchanges heat with its surroundings in such a way that the temperature remains constant throughout. However, for an ideal gas undergoing an isothermal process, the relationship between pressure (P), volume (V), and temperature (T) is given by Where:

The specific gravity (SG) of a substance is defined as the ratio of the density of that substance to the density of a reference substance, typically water at a specified temperature and pressure. The specific gravity equation is as follows: ​​ Where, SG is the specific gravity, ρ substance​ is the density of the substance,

The specific weight of a fluid, sometimes referred to as the unit weight, is the force exerted by gravity on a unit volume of the fluid. It is denoted by the symbol γ (gamma) and is calculated as the product of the fluid’s density (ρ) and the acceleration due to gravity (g). This equation essentially

The Boussinesq approximation is a simplification used in fluid dynamics to analyze the behavior of fluid flow, especially in cases where the density differences within the fluid are small compared to the ambient density. It’s named after the French mathematician Joseph Boussinesq. The Boussinesq approximation equation is: Where: ρ is the density of the fluid,