Convection heat transfer is a mode of heat transfer where energy is transferred between a surface and a fluid (liquid or gas) due to the bulk motion of the fluid. This process involves the movement of fluid particles carrying thermal energy from a hot surface to a cooler surface or vice versa.
- where:
- is the heat transfer rate (W or J/s),
- ℎ is the convective heat transfer coefficient (W/(m²·K)),
- is the surface area for heat transfer (m²),
- is the surface temperature (K),
- is the fluid (or ambient) temperature (K).