The formula for cross-sectional The cross-sectional area of a component in a spark ignition engine, such as the intake or exhaust valve, is determined by the geometry of that specific component. The formula for the cross-sectional area (A) depends on the shape of the component in question.
– A is the cross-sectional area (in square meters, m²).
– ṁ is the mass flow rate of air entering the engine (in kilograms per second, kg/s).
– ρ is the air density (in kilograms per cubic meter, kg/m³
– V is the velocity of the air entering the engine (in meters per second, m/s).