The velocity potential (φ) is a fundamental concept in fluid dynamics that describes irrotational flow patterns, where the fluid particles move without any rotation (vorticity). In the context of vortex flow, the velocity potential is often not defined because vortex flow, by its nature, involves vorticity and rotational motion. In irrotational flow (which can be described using a velocity potential), the curl of the velocity vector is zero, meaning there is no vorticity. This is suitable for flows around solid bodies, potential flows, and other situations where vorticity is negligible.
- φ velocity potential
- Γ represents the circulation of the vortex flow (m²/s).
- θ is the polar angle, measured in radians.